This process uses torch similar to Bunsen burner and operates on the Bunsen Burner principle. The air is drawn into the torch as required and mixed with fuel flame. The gas is then ejected and ignited, producing an air-fuel flame. The common fuels used in the air-fuel welding are acetylene, natural gas, propane and butane. This type of welding has limited use since the temperature is lower than that attained by other gas processes. The air-fuel welding processes are used successfully in lead welding and many low-melting-temperature metals and alloys such as in brazing and soldering processes.
Various types of melting furnaces are used in different foundry shops, depending upon the quantity of metal to be melted at a time, and the nature of work that is carried out in the shop. The primary objective in cupola is to produce iron of desired composition, temperature and properties at the required rate in the most economical manner. Besides, this furnace has many distinct advantages over the other types, e.g., simplicity of operation, continuity of production, and increased output coupled with a high degree of efficiency. Description Of a Cupola : The Cupola Furnace consists of a vertical, cylindrical steel sheet, 6 to 12 mm thick, and lined inside with acid refractory bricks or acid tamping clay. The refractory bricks or the tamping clay used consist of silicon oxide acid (SiO2) and alumina (Al2O3). The lining is generally thicker in the lower where the temperatures encountered are higher than in the upper region. The shell is mounted either on a brick work fo...
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