Skip to main content

Uses Of Copper and Its Alloy

COPPER :

Copper is easily distinguished from all other metals on account of  its red color. It is not found in pure state under the earth. Copper is extracted for copper ores., the chief being copper pyrites. Copper ore is first ground and then smelted in a reverberatory or small blast furnace producing an impure alloy called matte. In the second step air is blown through the molten metal to remove Sulphur and Iron contamination to obtain blister copper in the converter. In the last stage further refinement is carried out to produce pure copper (99.9 per cent) using electrolysis. For pyrites (CuFeS2) and copper glance (Cu2S) , the roasting / smelting process liberates fumes of Sulphur and arsenic which are mandatory for the smelting unit. In India, copper ore is found at Ghatsila in Bihar.

Copper is relatively soft and is very malleable, ductile and flexible, yet very tough and strong. A very efficient conductor of heat and electricity , being second only to silver, it is largely used in wire and sheet form for electrical purposes. Copper may be cast, forged , rolled and drawn into wires. It is non - corrosive under ordinary conditions and it resists weather very effectively . Copper in the form of tubes in used widely in mechanical engineering and also used in the making of munitions. The mechanical properties of copper depend upon its condition. Casting may have a tensile strength of 15 to 17 kg-f per mm2  ( 150 - 170 Newton per mm2) which may be increased to 21.5 to 23.0  by working. The strength of hard - drawn copper wire may be as high as 38 to 46 kg-f per mm2. The melting point of copper is 1083*C.




ALLOYS OF COPPER :

Copper may be alloyed with a wide range of other elements to produce many different alloy groups of Industrial Importance. The Most Important are :

1. Copper Aluminum ( The Aluminum Bronzes).

2. Copper - tin - Antimony ( Babbitt metal).

3. Copper - tin ( The tin Bronzes ).

4. Copper - tin - Phosphorus ( The phosphor Bronzes ).

5. Copper - zinc ( The Brasses ).

6. Copper - Nickel ( The Cupro-Nickels).







Labels:

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Air Refrigeration System :

 Advantages Of  Air Refrigeration : 1. The refrigerant used namely air is cheap and easily available. 2. There is no danger of fire or toxic effects due to leakages. 3. The weight to ton of refrigeration ratio is less as compared to other systems. Disadvantages Of Air Refrigeration : 1. The quantity of  Refrigerant used per ton of refrigeration is high as compared to other systems. 2. The COP of the system is very low. Therefore running cost is high. 3. The danger of frosting at the expander valves is more as the air contains moisture content. 
Post a Comment
Read more

SIMPLE CARBURETOR - CONSTRUCTION AND WORKING

CONSTRUCTION OF SIMPLE CARBURETOR :  The main Components of Simple Carburetor are : Float Chamber, float, nozzle, venturi, throttle valve, inlet valve, and metering jet . In the float chamber, a constant level of petrol is maintained by the float and a needle valve.  The float chamber is ventilated to atmosphere.  This is used to maintain atmospheric pressure inside the chamber. The float which is normally a metallic hollow cylinder rises and closes the inlet valve as the fuel level in the float chamber increases to certain level. The mixing chamber contains venturi, nozzle and throttle valve. The venturi tube is fitted with the inlet  manifold. This tube has a narrow opening called venturi. A nozzle is provided just below the centre of this venturi. The nozzle keeps the same level of petrol as that of the level in the float chamber. The mixing chamber has two butterfly valves.  One is to allow air into the mixing chamber known as choke valve. The other is to al...
Post a Comment
Read more

MELTING FURNACES FOR FERROUS METALS : CUPOLA AND ITS WORKING

Various types of melting furnaces are used in different foundry shops, depending upon the quantity of metal to be melted at a time, and the nature of work that is carried out in the shop.  The primary objective in cupola is to produce iron of desired composition, temperature and properties at the required rate in the most economical manner. Besides, this furnace has many distinct advantages over the other types, e.g., simplicity of operation, continuity of production, and increased output coupled with a high degree of efficiency.  Description Of a Cupola : The Cupola Furnace consists of a vertical, cylindrical steel sheet, 6 to 12 mm thick, and lined inside with acid refractory bricks or acid tamping clay. The refractory bricks or the tamping clay used consist of  silicon oxide acid (SiO2) and alumina (Al2O3). The lining is generally thicker in the lower where the temperatures encountered are higher than in the upper region. The shell is mounted either on a brick work fo...
Post a Comment
Read more