Functions of an ecosystem are of three types.
1.Primary function (or) primary production:
Primary function of all ecosystems is manufacture of starch (photosynthesis).
2.Secondary function (or) secondary production:
Secondary function of all ecosystem is disturbing energy in the form of food to all consumers (or) the energy stored by the consumer.
3. Tertiary Function:
All living systems die at a particular stage. These dead systems are decomposed to initiate the third function of ecosystems namely "cycling".
Functioning of an ecosystem may be understood by studying the following terms.
a) Energy and material flow.
b) Food chains.
c) Food webs.
d) Food pyramids.
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