Nuclear Energy and Its Types - Nuclear Fission And Nuclear Fusion

Dr. H. Bhabha was the father of nuclear power development in India. India has 10 nuclear reactors, which produce 2% of India's electricity. Nuclear energy can be produced by two type of reactions.

1.By Nuclear fission

2.By Nuclear fusion

NUCLEAR FISSION :

Nuclear fission is a nuclear change in which heavier nucleus are split into lighter nuclei, on bombardment by fast moving neutrons, and a large amount of energy is released through a chain reaction.

Fission of U235 :

When U235 nucleus is hit by a thermal neutron, it undergoes the following reaction with the reaction with the release of 3 neutrons.

92U235 + 0n1 ---------------> 56BA139 + 36Kr94 + 3* 0n1 + Energy

each of the above 3 neutrons strikes another U235 nucleus causing (3*3) 9 subsequent raections. These 9 reactions further give rise to (3*9) 27 reactions. This process of propagation of the reaction by multiplication in threes at each fission is called chain reaction.

NUCLEAR FUSION :

Nuclear fusion is a nuclear change in which lighter nucleus are combined together at extremely high temperatures (1 billion 0C) to form heavier nucleus and a large amount of energy is released.

Example - Fusion Of 2H2 :

Two hydrogen-2 ( Deuterium ) atoms may fuse to form a helium at 1 billion 0C with the release of large amount of energy.

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